20th June 2023

Larynx

Male and female ratio for cancers of the larynx is 5:1. Hoarseness is the most common presenting symptom and other symptoms include dysphagia, irritation, and coughing. Airway compromise in the form of stridor, which can result from circumferential extension of subglottic carcinomas, needs urgent referral to an ENT team. Early-stage disease is generally managed with surgery or radiotherapy depending on the site of the tumour and morbidity. Induction chemotherapy may select patients with advanced carcinoma suitable for full-course radiotherapy to save the larynx. Voice rehabilitation and psychosocial support are essential for the patient who was treated surgically, particularly total laryngectomy and permanent tracheostomy.