23rd June 2023

A 68-year-old man undergoes a right hemicolectomy (performed via laparotomy) for removal of a bowel tumour.

A 68-year-old man undergoes a right hemicolectomy (performed via laparotomy) for removal of a bowel tumour. A defunctioning ileostomy is created to facilitate healing of the ileocolic anastomosis. Over the next day, his serum creatinine rises from a baseline of 90μmol/L to 160μmol/L, and his urine output reduces to 15ml/hour.

Which of the following factors is least likely to contribute to a pre-renal AKI?