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25th June 2023
Glasgow Coma Scale
The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) is a key part in head injury assessment. Low GCS at the time of injury and on initial assessment are concerning features for significant injury. In addition, monitoring consciousness level in head injury is important to identify patients at risk of deterioration. The combined scores of eye, verbal and motor responses are used to assess the consciousness level, with a minimum score of 3 and a maximum score of 15.
| Eyes opening (E) | Verbal response (V) | Motor response (M) |
|---|---|---|
| 4 = Spontaneous | 5 = Normal speech/Orientated | 6 = Obeys commands |
| 3 = To voice | 4 = Confused speech/Disorientated | 5 = Localises to pain |
| 2 = To pain | 3 = Inappropriate words | 4 = Withdraws from pain |
| 1 = No response | 2 = Incomprehensible sounds | 3 = Abnormal flexion |
| 1 = No response | 2 = Abnormal extension | |
| 1 = No response |
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