26th June 2023

A 40-year-old man has had haemodialysis via a tunnelled dialysis catheter for a number of years before he agrees to formation of a right-sided arterio-venous fistula.

A 40-year-old man has had haemodialysis via a tunnelled dialysis catheter for a number of years before he agrees to formation of a right-sided arterio-venous fistula. He begins dialysis through this new access without any initial complications.

After some weeks, he starts to complain of progressive swelling of his right upper limb, distended veins on his neck and chest and swelling of the right side of his face.

What is the most likely underlying diagnosis?