26th January 2024

A 52-year-old female attends rheumatology clinic with a 9-month history of right hip pain and stiffness.

A 52-year-old female attends rheumatology clinic with a 9-month history of right hip pain and stiffness. She works as a farmer but recently has found it increasingly difficult to do her job due to the pain. The stiffness tends to occur first thing in the morning, but only lasts around 10 minutes. She is otherwise well and does not suffer from any other medical conditions. Her BMI is 31. 

Which of the following risk factors are not associated with an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis? 

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.