7th February 2024

A 32-year-old male presents with a two-week history of purulent sputum production.

A 32-year-old male presents with a two-week history of purulent sputum production. He states that a 6-month history of progressive shortness of breath has also accompanied this. He had several previous episodes of purulent sputum that settled with antibiotics. He has a known history of cystic fibrosis. 

HRCT showed significant bronchial wall thickening with associated tram track sign. 

Which of the following spirometry results is expected for this patient?