15th March 2024

Pseudomembranous colitis

Pseudomembranous colitis is an acute inflammation of the colon caused by C. difficile. This occurs secondary to frequent antibiotic use, particularly with certain agents such as cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, amoxicillin and clindamycin having a higher propensity to develop this complication. Initial treatment consists of cessation of the suspected antibiotic(s). Oral metronidazole, oral vancomycin and oral fidaxomicin are all suitable choices. Severe cases may warrant surgical intervention.

Reference

Ciarán P Kelly, Thomas Lamont, Johan S Bakken, Clostridioides difficile infection in adults: Treatment and prevention (August 2021) <https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clostridioides-difficile-infection-in-adults-treatment-and-prevention>