30th August 2024

Statins

Statins play a pivotal role in atherosclerosis management by inhibiting the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase enzyme, crucial in cholesterol biosynthesis. This inhibition leads to reduced hepatic cholesterol production and increased clearance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from the blood. While effective in lowering cardiovascular risk, statins are associated with adverse effects such as myopathy and the more severe rhabdomyolysis, characterised by significant muscle damage and potential renal impairment. Other common side effects include headaches and gastrointestinal disturbances, including dyspepsia and diarrhoea. Despite these potential drawbacks, the benefits of statins in cardiovascular disease prevention are significant, necessitating careful monitoring and management of these adverse effects to ensure continued patient compliance and therapeutic efficacy.