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16th September 2024
Clinical features
| Excess cortisol effects
Hypercortisolism can also lead to mineralocorticoid effects |
Dermatological | Thinning of the skin, easy bruising, abdominal striae
Acne and oily skin Hirsutism Acanthosis nigricans |
| Musculoskeletal | Muscle weakness and wasting
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head Osteoporosis |
|
| Cardiovascular | Hypertension | |
| Metabolic | Central obesity “moon face” and “buffalo hump”
Insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus Dyslipidaemia Amenorrhoea, oligomenorrhea, erectile dysfunction |
|
| Neuropsychiatric | Depression, anxiety, irritability, insomnia | |
As mentioned, Cushing disease is typically caused by a microadenoma and thus the local mass effects on surrounding structures can occur, but it is rare.
Although much less common than GH-secreting tumours, macroadenomas that secrete can also present with mass effects on surrounding structures.
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