13th February 2025

Overview of glaucoma

Glaucoma is a disease whereby the optic nerve becomes damaged. Classically, this was thought to be due to raised intraocular pressure (IOP), largely due to dysfunctional outflow of aqueous humour from the anterior chamber of the eye. However, there is likely also an element of optic nerve ischaemia independent of the level of IOP. Acute closed-angle glaucoma is an ophthalmological emergency which can cause permanent visual loss if not treated promptly.