21st February 2025

A 32-year-old woman attends A&E with shortness of breath and right-sided chest pain.

A 32-year-old woman attends A&E with shortness of breath and right-sided chest pain. She has a medical history of type II diabetes and hypertension. Her BMI is 30. She reports alcohol consumption of up to 30 units a week and is a smoker. A chest X-ray demonstrates a right-sided pneumothorax. She reports her mother also suffered a pneumothorax when she was younger. 

Which of the following is a risk factor for pneumothorax? 

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.