10th May 2025

Diagnostic criteria

Abnormal BP fall is defined as a progressive and sustained fall in systolic BP from baseline value ≥ 20mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 10 mmHg, or a decrease in systolic BP to < 90 mmHg.

Drugs:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) α receptor blockers Calcium channel blockers β blockers Phenothiazines Tricyclic antidepressants Diuretics Nitrates
Volume depletion:
Hemorrhage Diarrhoea Vomiting
Primary autonomic failure:
Pure autonomic failure Multiple system atrophy Parkinson’s disease Dementia with Lewy bodies
Secondary autonomic failure:
Diabetes Amyloidosis Spinal cord injuries Paraneoplastic autonomic neuropathy

Table 2: Causes of orthostatic hypotension

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