21st May 2025

You are asked to see a 65-year-old gentleman who has become confused on the respiratory ward.

You are asked to see a 65-year-old gentleman who has become confused on the respiratory ward. His sodium is noted to be 126 mmol/L. He is euvolaemic, with a urine osmolality of 160 mOsmol/kg and urine sodium of 38 mOsmol/kg. He reports new chest pain on inspiration and is tachycardic at 130 bpm.

Which of the following conditions are most likely to have contributed to this? Please select only ONE answer.