30th May 2026

Aetiology & Pathophysiology

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Plaque rupture or fissuring leads to thrombus formation and complete occlusion.
• Plaque Formation: LDL accumulation, foam cell formation, smooth muscle migration, and potential rupture.
• Myocardial Ischaemia: Occlusion halts contractile function, leading to necrosis and infarct zone expansion.

Fourth Universal Definition of MI

• Type 1: Atherothrombotic MI (e.g., STEMI, NSTEMI).
• Type 2: Oxygen supply-demand imbalance.
• Type 3: Sudden cardiac death with symptoms before biomarker confirmation.