28th May 2025

A 32 year old man with HIV is brought to A&E by his partner.

A 32 year old man with HIV is brought to A&E by his partner. The patient is known to be poorly compliant with his antiretroviral medication. His partner is increasingly concerned about the insidious onset of significant clumsiness, alongside difficulty speaking and issues with his vision. On examination, the patient’s GCS is 14 due to confusion. Following an MRI scan and CSF testing, a diagnosis is made.

Which of the following best explains the underlying pathological process?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.