Treatment
Patients with symptomatic heart failure are treated as per standard heart failure protocols, depending on their ejection fraction. Patients with persistent arrhythmias are treated according to the nature of their arrhythmia while those with regular ventricular arrhythmias can be provided with implantable cardioverter defibrillators to reduce the risk of sudden death.
Hypertrabeculation of the left ventricle also predisposes to clot formation. As a result, many of these patients are formally anticoagulated, either with a coumadin or, more commonly, a direct oral anticoagulant, to reduce the risk of systemic embolisation.
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