Antiarrhythmic medications
The development of new medications to treat arrhythmias and a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms of current medicines, means there is often an overlap between categories. Amiodarone for example, is a class III antiarrhythmic that blocks potassium channels but also sodium and calcium channels (see Table 1).
| Class | Examples | Primary mechanism of action | Additional points |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ia | Quinidine
Procainamide Disopyramide |
Block Na+ channels (moderate) | Prolongs action potential (AP) duration, which prolong QTc interval |
| Ib | Lidocaine
Phenytoin |
Block Na+ channels (weak) | Shortens AP duration |
| Ic | Flecainide
Propafenone |
Block Na+ channels (strong) | Prolongs AP but no effect on QTc interval |
| II | Atenolol
Bisoprolol Misoprolol |
Beta blockers | |
| III | Amiodarone
Sotalol |
Potassium channel blockers | Prolong AP duration |
| IV | Diltiazem
Verapamil |
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers |
Table 1: Vaugh-Williams classification of antiarrhythmic medicines.
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