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7th February 2024

Effectors

  1. Diaphragm
    • Responsible for 75% of volume changes in resting inspiration
    • Innervated by phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
  2. Intercostal muscles
    • External – inspiration
    • Internal – expiration
  3. Accessory muscles
    • Include sternocleidomastoid muscles, strap muscles of the neck, and platysma.
    • Used during respiratory distress, forced expiration.

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