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26th June 2023

Causes of AIN

  • Drugs
    • Antibiotics – ampicillin, cephalosporins, sulphonamides, penicillin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin
    • NSAIDs
    • Allopurinol
    • Aciclovir
    • Famotidine
    • Furosemide
    • Omeprazole
    • Phenytoin
  • Infections
    • Bacteria – Corynebacterium diphtheriae, campylobacter, legionella, staphylococcus, streptococcus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    • Virus – HIV, hantavirus, Epstein-Barr
    • Other – Leptospirosis, Schistosoma
  • Systemic diseases
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Sjogren’s syndrome
    • Sarcoidosis
  • Tubulointerstitial nephritis with uveitis (TINU)
    • More prominent in younger age groups and more common in females
    • Presents with fever, weight loss and painful red eyes (often bilateral uveitis)
    • Urinalysis – leukocyturia and proteinuria

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