8th March 2024

A 32-year-old male is referred to Cardiology for worsening shortness of breath on exertion.

A 32-year-old male is referred to Cardiology for worsening shortness of breath on exertion. On examination, a systolic flow murmur is heard and his 12-lead ECG reveals a right bundle branch block. NT-proBNP level is elevated at 1000 pg/mL. A transthoracic echocardiogram shows moderate right atrial and ventricular dilatation and subsequently cardiac catheterisation is performed. Which of the following is true regarding intracardiac shunts? 

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.