2nd August 2023

An 85-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department as his wife is concerned that he is confused.

An 85-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department as his wife is concerned that he is confused. His GP recently gave him a course of amoxicillin for a chest infection. His medical history includes hypertension and atrial fibrillation. He takes bisoprolol 1.25mg OD, apixaban 5mg BD and amlodipine 5mg OD. He is otherwise very fit and independent, with no care package at home and still driving.

On examination, he has a RR of 30/min, BP 90/60, HR 120bpm and some crackles on the right side of his chest.

What is the most appropriate fluid therapy to give?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.