18th July 2023

You are reviewing patients on a gastroenterology ward. A foundation year 1 doctor approaches you to discuss a case

You are reviewing patients on a gastroenterology ward. A foundation year 1 doctor approaches you to discuss a case. An 88-year-old man who presented with a 5-year history of dyspepsia underwent a gastroscopy. A rapid urease test (CLO test) performed during endoscopy was positive for H. pylori. The patient has been prescribed triple therapy for H. pylori eradication, however, has refused treatment. The foundation doctor wants to have a discussion with the patient so that he can make an informed decision but is unaware of the potential sequelae of untreated H. pylori infection.

Which of the following is NOT associated with Helicobacter pylori infection?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.