22nd July 2024

Agranulocytosis

This is a reduction in granulocytes (includes neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils), which increases the risk of infection. Patients will often present with recurrent infections or oral ulcerations, although it can be asymptomatic.

It is often secondary to drugs (carbimazole, propylthiouracil, clozapine, sulfonamides, gold or dapsone), and patients on these medications need to be monitored and safety netted to present for medical attention if any signs of a fever.

Treatment includes stopping the offending medication and consideration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF). Bone marrow biopsy may not be needed if the presentation is likely secondary to a high-risk drug.