22nd April 2024

Aphthous ulcers

Aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, are common painful, round, or oval-shaped oral lesions that develop on the mucous membranes of the mouth. The exact cause of aphthous ulcers remains unknown, but multiple factors are believed including genetic predisposition, immunological factors, trauma, and dietary factors. Although aphthous ulcers cannot be completely cured, several management strategies aim to alleviate symptoms, promote healing, and prevent recurrence such as pain relief, topical treatments, good oral hygiene, avoiding irritants and stress management. Recurrent aphthous-like ulcers are the hallmark of Behçet’s disease, a complex systemic vasculitis. They tend to be larger, deeper, and more persistent compared to typical aphthous ulcers. Healing of these ulcers often leads to scarring and may result in limited mouth opening or deformities.