17th February 2025

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Cytomegalovirus is a common viral pathogen in the immunocompromised. Transplantation and subsequent immunosuppression may cause reactivation of latent CMV infection. In addition, CMV-naive transplant recipients may be exposed to CMV from the donor organ.

Whilst CMV may cause viral pneumonia, it has various other manifestations, including hepatitis and retinitis. CMV PCR is the diagnostic mechanism of choice and viral load can be measured.

Treatment is with ganciclovir or valganciclovir first line; foscarnet may be used in resistant cases.