22nd May 2024

Background

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include many diseases, the prevalence of which changes over time and geographical location. As with all diseases, prevention is better than cure. If any STI is suspected, it is important to take the opportunity to screen for syphilis and HIV. Depending on the patient demographics, other STIs may also need to be screened for, for example an IVDU should have hepatitis B testing. Remember that STIs can infect areas other than the genitalia, for example the pharynx and anus. Applicable to all STIs, partner notification is crucial, as is the possibility of reinfection. The complications of STIs can include pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility or wider systemic illness. People at most risk of contracting STIs include men who have sex with men, people from or who have visited areas of high HIV prevalence, people who misuse alcohol and/or substances, people who have early onset of sexual activity and people who have do not use barrier protection and frequently change or have multiple sexual partners.