21st June 2024

A 26-year old patient with congenital HIV and a history of poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy

A 26-year old patient with congenital HIV and a history of poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy presents with recurrent falls and diplopia. Their initial work up shows multiple limb ataxia and suspected cognitive dysfunction. An MRI scan of the brain shows multifocal, asymmetric periventricular and subcortical hyperintensities on T2 imaging without evidence of mass effect.

With respect to the likely diagnosis, which of the following is true?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.