6th May 2025

A 70-year-old gentleman presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and is ultimately found to have significant rheumatic mitral stenosis.

A 70-year-old gentleman presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and is ultimately found to have significant rheumatic mitral stenosis. Which of the following would preclude him from having a mitral commissurotomy?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.