15th February 2025

An 83-year-old woman is brought to the Emergency Department following a fall.

An 83-year-old woman is brought to the Emergency Department following a fall. On assessment she is found to have a shortened and externally rotated right lower limb and the ‘dinner fork’ sign on her right upper limb. Her nephew reports that she had been complaining of intermittent chest pains for the preceding few weeks but had been planning to wait until her asthma check-up next week instead of making a new appointment. The nephew is concerned that she is “not herself” and seems confused.

Which of the following is the biggest contributing factor for delirium?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.