28th August 2020

A 35-year-old male is referred to nephrology for a review of his deteriorating renal function

A 35-year-old male is referred to nephrology for a review of his deteriorating renal function. His urine dipstick showed protein +++ with no blood. He also complains of swollen ankles which showed pitting on examination. His background is significant for depression and heroin abuse. 

Which of the following is the most likely cause of his deteriorating renal function?

Select the SINGLE most appropriate option from the list below. Select ONE option only.