25th August 2020

A 58-year-old man presents to A&E, as he has not passed urine for over 12 hours, despite hydrating as normal

A 58-year-old man presents to A&E, as he has not passed urine for over 12 hours, despite hydrating as normal. On examination, he is profoundly hypertensive with a blood pressure of 212/151 mmHg. He was diagnosed with essential hypertension two weeks ago by his GP and started taking ramipril three days ago. Blood biochemistry shows a stage 2 acute kidney injury.

For the case above, please select the SINGLE most likely cause of the condition described. Select ONE option from the list above.