1st April 2022

A 47-year-old man has recently been diagnosed with alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency

A 47-year-old man has recently been diagnosed with alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency after presenting with progressive dyspnoea and productive cough and is referred for lung function testing. Spirometry testing reveals a marked decrease in FEV₁ and a relative decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) with an overall ratio of 0.59. Further testing reveals an increase in residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity (TLC). The difference between the two largest values for FVC and FEV₁ are 0.08L and 0.07L respectively.

What is the pattern of respiratory disease shown by spirometry?

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